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''Cosmic Consciousness: A Study in the Evolution of the Human Mind'' is a 1901 book by Richard Maurice Bucke, a Canadian psychiatrist. In this book, he explored the concept of Cosmic Consciousness, which he defined as "a higher form of consciousness than that possessed by the ordinary man." ==Forms of consciousness== In ''Cosmic Consciousness'', Bucke stated that he discerned three forms, or degrees, of consciousness: *''Simple consciousness'', possessed by both animals and mankind *''Self-consciousness'', possessed by mankind, encompassing thought, reason, and imagination *''Cosmic consciousness'', which is "a higher form of consciousness than that possessed by the ordinary man" According to Bucke, Moores said that Bucke's cosmic consciousness is an interconnected way of seeing things "which is more of an intuitive knowing than it is a factual understanding." Moores pointed out that, for scholars of the purist camp, the experience of cosmic consciousness is incomplete without the element of love, "which is the foundation of mystical consciousness": Juan A. Herrero Brasas said that Bucke's cosmic consciousness refers to the evolution of the intellect, and not to "the ineffable revelation of hidden truths." According to Brasas, it was William James who equated Bucke's cosmic consciousness with mystical experience or mystical consciousness. Gary Lachman notes that today Bucke's experience would most likely be 'explained' by the so-called "God spot," or more generally as a case of temporal lobe epilepsy, but he is sceptical of these and other 'organic' explanations. Bucke identified only male examples of cosmic consciousness. He believed that women were not likely to have it. (However, there are some women amongst the 'additional cases' listed in the second half of the book.) He regarded Walt Whitman as "the climax of religious evolution and the harbinger of humanity's future." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cosmic Consciousness」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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